Description of LED Drivers

Devices in the LED driver PMIC (Power Management Integrated Circuit) family are used to provide a controlled current to a load, usually an LED, from a power source with a fixed voltage. What sets them apart from similar products designed for voltage regulation is that they typically have a lower feedback voltage (which helps improve efficiency) and often include features for external control of the operating point. This external control is mainly used for dimming functions in lighting applications.

What is an LED driver?

LED drivers are kind of like ballasts for fluorescent lights or transformers for low-voltage bulbs. They give LEDs the power they need to work properly and efficiently.

Why LEDs need drivers ？

First, LEDs are built to run on low voltage (12-24V), direct current (DC) electricity, but most places supply high voltage (120-277V), alternating current (AC) electricity. An LED driver converts that high-voltage AC into low-voltage DC.

Second, LED drivers help protect LEDs from fluctuations in voltage or current. Any shifts in voltage can change the amount of current going to the LEDs.

Since LED light output is proportional to the current, too much or too little can cause the light to vary or degrade faster because of higher temperatures in the LED, or even thermal runaway.

In what applications are LED drivers used?

LEDs that usually need an external driver include cove lights, downlights, and tape lights, as well as some fixtures, panels, and outdoor-rated lights. These are often used in commercial settings, outdoors, or for street lighting.

What are LEDs made for?

LEDs made for household use have internal drivers instead of external ones. Household bulbs generally have built-in drivers to make replacing old incandescent or CFL bulbs easier.